Guns, Germs, and Steel Video Notes Pt. 2

• 1150 years ago, where people starting growing own food in Draa
• plant domestication = controlling the food grown
• food people found that grew naturally and learned how to domesticate
• China = rice
• Americas = corn, squash, beans
• Africa = sorghum (grain), millet, yams
• New Giunea = sago (bu different bc of island)
• some places (ex. Europeans) are geographically lucky to have the types of grain and food naturally show up and be able to use them sooner than New Guineans
• Jared Diamond's main theory
• not difference of intelligence just lack of food resources
• domesticating animals = controlling food as animals
• raise them and eat when want to
• get hides, hair, milk
• 9000 years ago for making pens
• grow crops --> harvest edible, top parts for humans --> give bottom of crop to animals for food
• before the industrial revolution, big animals (oxen, horses), "beats of burden", were the greatest meachine
• harness to plow
• no big animals in New Guinea so all is done through man power
• best animals to farm are big, plant eating mammals (elephants)
• to domesticate:
• shouldn't be carnivore
• have to be social
• easier to have leader
• can control leader --> can control the rest
• work well w humans
• zebra = ideal to domesticate that super nervous bc of predators
• 14 domestic animals
• goats
• sheep
• pigs
• cows
• horses
• donkey
• bactrian camels
• arabian camela
• water buffalo
• llama
• reindeer
• yaks
• mithuns
• bali cattle