Today, Elpris, Dylan, and Athan were going to present their Ancient Greece project, but Athan was absent, so they are going to present tomorrow. Instead, Mr. Schick gave us some textbook questions to work on. Our work today is to complete page 139 #1, 3, 4, and 5.
1.) For each term, write a sentence explaining its significance.
- direct democracy: a form of gov where citizens rule directly and not representatives; was an important
legacy of Athens
- classical art: the standard of the Greek's values (harmony, order, balance, and proportion); Greeks wanted
to portray ideal beauty, not realism; had neutral/idealist look on sculpture's face
- tragedy: a serious drama about common themes (love, hate, war, or betrayal); featured main
character (tragic hero (was an important person with a tragic/fatal flaw (causes hero's downfall;
Gk. Hubris = excessive pride))); tragedies: Sophocles, Oedipus Rex - can't escape own fate
- comedy: contained scenes with funny/clumsy situations and crude humor; made fun of politics and
respected ideas of the time; Aristophanes wrote Lysistrata - movie Chi-Raq based on this
- Peloponnesian War: lasted from 431 to 404 BC; Athens very weakened from plague; Sparta won
- philosopher: what Greeks called thinkers that saught the truth; meaning "lovers of wisdom"
- Socrates: believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice
- Plato: student of Socrates; wrote about his vision of a perfectly governed society (separated into
farmers, artisans, workers, ruling class) in The Republic
- Aristotle: questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge
3.) What steps did Pericles take to strengthen democracy in Athens?
- Pericles increased the number of public officials who were paid salaries which means that even poor people could be involved with government and this lead to democracy.
4.) What were the battle strategies of Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War?
- Athens: stringer navy, avoid land battles and strike from sea
- Sparta: stronger army, good location, burn food supply
5.) Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?
- they found his ideas disturbing because he forced them to think about their values and actions
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